Concepts About Engineering
These professional workforces also are essential for addressing challenges such as worldwide security, global local weather change, and domestic and international health. While they therefore are of great significance, college graduates employed in science and engineering occupations really comprise only a small fraction of the workforce. Civil engineering emerged as a separate self-discipline within the 18th century, when the first skilled societies and faculties of engineering had been founded. Civil engineers of the 19th century built structures of every kind, designed water-supply and sanitation methods, laid out railroad and freeway networks, and planned cities. England and Scotland have been the birthplace of mechanical engineering, as a derivation of the innovations of the Scottish engineer James Watt and the textile machinists of the Industrial Revolution. The growth of the British machine-tool industry gave large impetus to the research of mechanical engineering both in Bri...